Print-Ready Artwork: Bleed, Safe Zone, CMYK vs RGB and Pantone

Bleed, safe zones, CMYK vs RGB, Pantone and resolution — the five things that make artwork print-ready, plus a checklist to run before you send any file.

How much bleed do I need for printing?

The standard is 0.125 in (1/8 in) on every side in the US and 3 mm on every side in the UK and Europe. Large-format products and folded items may need more, so check the product spec.

Should I design in CMYK or RGB for print?

Design in CMYK for anything that will be printed. RGB is for screens and can show bright colours that ink cannot reproduce, so RGB files often print duller than expected.

What resolution should images be for print?

Photos should be 300 dpi at the final printed size. Logos and text are best supplied as vector artwork. Large-format banners viewed from a distance can usually use lower resolutions.

What is the difference between Pantone and CMYK?

CMYK builds colours from four process inks; a Pantone (spot) colour is a single pre-mixed ink. Pantone gives more consistent brand colour; CMYK is standard for photos and full-colour work.

What file format should I send to the printer?

A print PDF, usually PDF/X-1a or PDF/X-4, with fonts embedded, bleed included and crop marks turned on.